Every resurfacing decision comes down to one trade-off: how much of the skin surface you remove against how long the patient is out of circulation. Everything else, wavelength, fractional pattern, density, is a way of moving along that curve. Understanding the three axes below is what lets a clinic buy once rather than three times.
Ablative or non-ablative
Ablative lasers vaporise tissue. Water absorbs their energy so strongly that the treated column is removed outright, and the healing response rebuilds it. CO2 at 10,600nm and Er:YAG at 2,940nm are the two that matter. Results are the strongest available without surgery, and so is the downtime.
Non-ablative lasers pass through the surface and deposit heat in the dermis, leaving the epidermis intact. A wavelength such as 1570nm stimulates collagen with minimal visible recovery. Results build over weeks rather than appearing after peeling, and patients can work through the course.
Fractional or full-field
Full-field ablation treats every square millimetre and heals as one large wound. Fractional treatment splits the beam into a grid of microscopic columns and leaves untreated skin between them. Those bridges of intact tissue are the entire reason modern resurfacing recovers in days rather than weeks: healing migrates inward from every side of every column at once. Density and depth then let the practitioner dial the same machine from a light refresh to a deep correction.
Where the Alma platforms sit
- Alma Pixel CO2 is the dedicated fractional CO2 platform, led by the LiteScan scanner, for resurfacing, tone and texture, scars and photodamage. Included in the ARTG under 323941.
- Alma Hybrid fires ablative CO2 and non-ablative 1570nm side by side in the same grid at a ratio the operator sets. That is the point of it: one pass can be weighted towards surface renewal for an older patient with heavy photodamage, or towards deep stimulation for a younger patient with acne scarring. Included in the ARTG under 321320.
- SupErb on Alma Harmony is the 2,940nm Er:YAG applicator. Water absorption is higher than CO2, so ablation is more superficial and more precise, which suits benign lesion removal and lighter resurfacing.
- Microplasma, on Alma Opus and Accent Prime, delivers radiofrequency energy to the surface rather than light, for resurfacing on patients and practices where a laser is not the right fit.
Pixel Peel and the downtime objection
Downtime is the single most common reason a patient declines resurfacing. Pixel Peel, available on both Alma CO2 platforms, fires the fractional beam in a randomised rather than sequential pattern. Adjacent columns are not treated back to back, so each has longer to shed heat before its neighbour is treated. The skin holds less bulk heat at the same treatment density, and patients recover faster for the same result.
What recovery actually looks like
A light fractional pass typically means two to four days of redness and flaking, with make-up back on around day five. A deep pass for acne scarring or heavy photodamage runs closer to seven to ten days. Non-ablative work is measured in hours of redness rather than days. Setting these numbers out before treatment, not after, is what keeps a resurfacing programme running.
Who can operate one in Australia
Ablative resurfacing lasers are Class 4 devices, regulated state by state rather than federally. Most Australian clinics run them with a doctor, nurse or senior therapist who has completed manufacturer clinical training. Alma Lasers Australia trains your team on site at installation and takes each clinic through the rules that apply in its state. See laser and IPL regulations.